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Meteorologist

Meteorologists apply their knowledge of mathematics and physics to the study of the universe. Meteorologists study characteristics of Earth's atmosphere and its impact on our environment. In addition to forecasting the weather, meteorologists apply their research to air pollution, agriculture, air and sea transportation, and long-term climate changes.

Meteorologists that forecast the weather are called operational meteorologists. This is the largest group of specialists under the heading of meteorologist. Operational meteorologists gather data on air pressure, temperature, humidity, and wind. This information is collected from satellite imagery, weather radar, weather balloons and other remote sensing equipment, and human observers in different geographic areas. Operational meteorologists often enter this information into sophisticated computer models that help them make short-term and long-term forecasts. These forecasts are not only designed to inform the public; they are also used by various industries for economic and safety reasons. For example, the air transportation industry relies on weather forecasting to make important decisions related to passenger safety during potentially harsh weather conditions.

There are several other specialists within the field of meteorology. Physical meteorologists study the atmosphere's chemical and physical properties. Synoptic meteorologists develop sophisticated weather forecasting tools. Climatologists study past weather records such as rainfall, temperature, and wind. Their research helps in the design of buildings, heating and cooling systems, and agricultural research.

Education and Training

In the U.S., meteorologists may need the following education and training:

• a bachelor's degree in meteorology
• a master's degree in meteorology is helpful for those seeking a position in operational meteorology

On the Job

Operational meteorologists often work irregular hours. This is because weather stations are open at all hours, seven days a week. Operational meteorologists are often called upon to work longer hours during weather emergencies. They may collect weather information from remote sites or by aircraft. Operational meteorologists may be under pressure to meet forecast deadlines.

Many of the forecasting techniques used by meteorologists are based on sophisticated mathematical models. Meteorologists must be able to understand and interpret these models. Meteorologists also collect large amounts of data, much of which undergoes statistical analysis. The results of these analyses can illustrate trends such as those related to global warming, air quality, and frequency of hurricanes.

Math on the Job

Many of the forecasting techniques used by meteorologists are based on sophisticated mathematical models. Meteorologists must be able to understand and interpret these models. Meteorologists also collect large amounts of data, much of which undergoes statistical analysis. The results of these analyses can illustrate trends such as those related to global warming, air quality, and frequency of hurricanes.

Related Careers

• oceanographer
• geologist
• geophysicist
• hydrologist
• environmental engineer

You can get more information about meteorology from the following sites:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
National Weather Service (NWS)

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